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英语中It引导的结构用法小结

发布时间:2018年05月08日 05:13:27 评论 · 4189浏览

It 既是 代词又是引词。作代词时,它可做人称代词、指示代词、非人称代词,用于前指、非确指或习语中。

it作引词时,它本身无实义,只起先行引导的作用。可作 形式主语(it is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.)或 形式宾语(it + adj. + to do sth.),真实的主语或宾语是 不定式、 动名词或名词 从句,它们则放在后面。It 也用于 强调句结构。

如想强调某个词或部分,可用it is (was) + 强调部分(主语、宾语或状语) + that(who)…的强调结构。本章要求了解代词it 和引词it 的各种用法,重点掌握it 用于前指或后指;引导词it 用于强调结构。

例:It is Tom’s sister who have had won the first place in the 100 meter race.

注意:

有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替 主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的 谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …

It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…

That- 从句做主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如:

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。

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it作 形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:

a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that… 有必要……   /   It is important that… 重要的是……

It is obvious that… 很明显……

例:It is significant for persons to learn English well !

b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that… 人们相信……

It is believed that to get a high education degree that can lead to a better salary . 人们相信获得更高的学历水平可以得到跟更高的薪水。

It is known to all that… 众所周知……

It is known to all that the Beijing is the Chinese capital .   众所周知北京是中国的首都

It has been decided that… 已决定……

It has been decided that Sunny will hold the meeting and give a speech .已经决定让Sunny主持会议并发表演讲。

c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 /  It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that… 事实是……

It is a fact that the Taiwan Island belongs to China form thousands years ago.

d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句

It appears that… 似乎……   /    It happens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

It occurred to me that I have left my purse behind at home .

It's for sb. It's of sb.

1)  for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

It作为引导词,引导长句时候非常普遍,并且对于不会运用其他几个复杂的从句的英语学员来说,是展示语法功底的优势手段。基本句型按照套路即可全部掌握。


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