英语的比较级(Comparative Degree),顾名思义就是将二者进行比较产生的词形,是由形容词原级转化而来的,一般是在原级后面加er,也有一些不规则的转化,比如good—better,bad—worse,太多不一一举例。
相对二者的比较,还有三者及以上的比较,这时就产生了最高级。在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more(如more natural,more clearly )或加后缀-er(newer,sooner )。
同级比较
1、由“...as +形容词原型+ as...”或“...as +形容词+名词+ as...”构成。
1)Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight.
2)I try to find as much information as I can about what happened.
2、由“...not so(as)+形容词或副词原型+ as...”或“...not so(as)+形容词+名词+ as...”构成。
Luckily,the weather is not so wet as it is today.
降级比较
由“……形容词比较级+ than...”构成。
He is more concerned about others than about himself.
由“...many / much more +可数/不可数名词+ than...”
My friend earned much more money than I did last year.
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比较级表示最高级
英语中用比较级句型可以表最高级的含义,较为常见的有下列几种形式:
1、直接使用比较级
①How beautiful she sings! I've never heard a better voice. = She has the best voice I've ever heard.②I have never read a more interesting novel. = It is the most interesting novel I've ever read.
any other + n.(单)
2、比较级+ than + the other +n.(复)
any of the other + n.(复)
①She goes to school earlier than the other girls.②He works harder than any other student.
3、比较级+ than + anything/ anyone else
①George did more work than anyone else.②Tom cared more for money than for anything else.
4、在比较句型中使用"no", "nobody", "nothing" + better than… 等词。
①I like nothing better than swimming.②Nobody can do the work better than he did.
③No other building is as grand as the new hotel.
5、one of + the +adj.最高级+ n.(复) “最 „„的„„之一”eg. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China.
6、the +序数词+ adj.最高级+ n.(单)+ in短语 “第几(长、大、远)„„”eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
7、adj.最高级 可用在选择疑问句中,常用句型:Which/ Who…A, B or C?
Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Chongqing?
8、当adj.最高级 前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格 修饰时,省掉最高级前的定冠词the。
Linda is my sister’s best friend.
关于比较级的词汇变化形式和规律:
1、 单音节形容词和部分双音节词,一般在词尾加-er。
2、 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾直接加-r。
3、重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母,元音发短音时,双写尾字母,再加er。
4、以"辅音字母+y“结尾的双音节词,变”y“为”i“,再加-er。
5、多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加”more“。
6、部分形容词和副词的比较级是不规则的,如:good/well-better,bad/badly-worse。
7、由“动词+后缀-ing/-ed”构成的形容词,在词前加more构成比较级。如:interesting-more interesting,bored-more bored。
8、由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词,在该副词前加more构成比较级。如:slowly-more slowly,happily- more happily。
总体上英语的比较级,最高级语法知识点不是太多,语法结构不是太复杂,学习运用好英语比较级可以使得英语大增光彩,英语写作和阅读中广泛运用。
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