一、英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。元音又可分为单元音（12个）和双元音（8个）。辅音又分为清辅音(11个)和浊辅音（17个）。
音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。
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国际音标（英语语音） |
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元音 |
单元音 |
前元音 |
[i:] |
[i] |
[e] |
[æ] |
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中元音 |
[ʌ] |
[ə:] |
[ə] |
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后元音 |
[u:] |
[u] |
[ɔ:] |
[ɔ] |
[a:] |
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双元音 |
开合双元音 |
[ei] |
[ai] |
[ɔi] |
[əu] |
[au] |
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集中双元音 |
[iə] |
[εə] |
[uə] |
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辅音 |
爆破音 |
清辅音 |
[p] |
[t] |
[k] |
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浊辅音 |
[b] |
[d] |
[g] |
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摩擦音 |
清辅音 |
[f] |
[s] |
[ʃ] |
[θ] |
[h] |
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浊辅音 |
[v] |
[z] |
[ʒ] |
[ð] |
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破擦音 |
清辅音 |
[tʃ] |
[tr] |
[ts] |
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浊辅音 |
[dʒ] |
[dr] |
[dz] |
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鼻音 |
（浊辅音） |
[m] |
[n] |
[ŋ] |
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舌则音 |
（浊辅音） |
[l] |
[r] |
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半元音 |
（浊辅音） |
[w] |
[j] |
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二．具体发音
元音
/i:/ be he cream eat green need
/ɪ/ big city
/e/ any many bed best breakfast
/æ/ at bag
/ɜ:/ her birth first
/ə/ hello ruler
/ɑ:/ afternoon class art card
/ʌ/ color come young country bus but
/ɔ:/ all also report short more store
/ɔ/ want watch clock from your four
/U:/ do movie cool food you group
/ʊ/ put
/eɪ/ age case day May great
/aɪ/ ice like night
/ɔɪ/ boy toy
/əʊ/ go no boat coat show know
/aʊ/ found sound how now
/ɪə/ really dear year
/eə/
/ʊə/
辅音
/p/ pen play
/t/ table take
/k/ call can key kid school black rock
/f/ family father laugh cough phone photo
/θ/ thank thing
/s/ city sad salad
/ʃ/ sure sugar machine she shoe
/tʃ/ future natural chair chess watch match
/tr/ trip trumpet
/ts/ bats hats
/h/ hat have who
/b/ bag ball
/d/ dad date
/g/ game get guard guess
/v/ video violin
/ð/ that this
/z/ is his zero zigzag
/ʒ/ usually pleasure
/dʒ/ biology giraffe job join
/dr/ draw drawer
/dz/ beds cards
/r/ red ruler write
/m/ many math climb autumn
/n/ name nice sign foreign know
/ŋ/ sign
/ǀ/ last late
/w/ want watch what why
/j/ year yes