57个常见的英语词组陷阱,坑了不少考生,看你有多“聪明”!1. as likely as not 多半,说不定【例句】he will catch up with them as likely as not.【误解】他不可能会赶上他们。【正确】他很可能会赶上他们。【说明】as likely as not含有肯定意义,表示"多半"、"说不定"。例如:he will succeed as likely as not. 他多半会成功。the o
57个常见的英语词组陷阱,坑了不少考生,看你有多“聪明”!
1. as likely as not 多半,说不定
【例句】he will catch up with them as likely as not.
【说明】as likely as not含有肯定意义,表示"多半"、"说不定"。例如:
he will succeed as likely as not. 他多半会成功。
【例句】it's raining this afternoon, as like as not.
【说明】as like as not是固定短语,意思是"很可能"、"大概"。
【例句】—has helen finished his homework? —ask me another.
【说明】ask me another是口语,意思是“我不知道”。
4. ask for the floor 要求发言
【例句】he stood up and asked for the floor.
【说明】ask for the floor意思是"要求发言",这里的the floor指"(会议的)发言权"。与此有关的习语还有give the floor(<会议主席>同意发言)、have/get/obtain the floor(获得发言的机会)、hold the floor(控制住发言权不放,作冗长的讲话)、take the floor(起立发言)等。
5. ask for one’s cards 要求辞职
【例句】he found the general manager and asked for his cards.
【说明】ask for one’s cards意思是“要求辞职”。
【例句】you are asking for it.
【说明】ask for it是口语,意思是“自找麻烦”、“自讨苦吃”,也可以用ask for trouble。
7. as high as a kite 烂醉如泥
【例句】look. he is as high as a kite now.
【说明】as high as a kite是美国俚语,意思是"烂醉如泥"。
8. as good as gold 很乖,很听话
【例句】julie's baby is as good as gold.
【说明】as good as gold是习语,意思是"很乖"。
【例句】sometimes his words are as clear as mud.
【说明】as clear as mud是口语,意思是"极难理解的"。
10. as blind as a bat 判断力差,有眼无珠
【例句】our boss is as blind as a bat. all those obvious drawbacks have escaped him.
【误解】我们老板瞎得跟蝙蝠一样,那些明显的弊病他都视而不见。
【正确】我们老板真是有眼无珠,连那些明显的弊病都视而不见。
【说明】蝙蝠眼睛看不见,它靠超声波判别方向,从而完成捕食和飞行等一系列活动。所以,as blind as a bat形容一个人的"视力极差",并引申为"判断力差"和"有眼无珠"。
11. around the clock 连续一整天,昼夜不停地
【例句】he worked around the clock.
【说明】around the clock是固定短语,意思是"连续一整天"、"昼夜不停地"。
【例句】barbara is like april weather.
【说明】april weather是比喻用法,意思是"喜怒无常"、"一会儿哭,一会儿笑"。
13. apple polisher 马屁精,奉承者
【例句】nobody likes her because she's an apple polisher.
【说明】apple polisher是美国口语,意思是"马屁精"、"奉承者"。
【例句】many people like to eat apples of love.
【说明】apple of love意思是“西红柿”,不是“爱情之果”。相传,公元16世纪的时候,西班牙从南美洲引进西红柿,后来又流传到摩洛哥;而从摩洛哥返乡的意大利商人,就把西红柿称为“摩尔人的苹果”(pomo dei moro, apple of the moors)。由于意大利文的dei moro(摩尔人的)与法文的d’amour(爱情的)发音相近,因此法国人就把pomo dei moro(摩尔人的苹果)误认为pomme d’amour(爱情的苹果)了。所以当这种水果辗转传播到英国时,就产生了apple of love/love apple之说了。
15. a piece of cake 很简单的事
【例句】-how do you do that? -it's a piece of cake! watch!
【说明】a piece of cake意思是"很简单的事"。
16. anything but 根本不是,一点也不
【例句】we'd been warned he was a frail, withdrawn man, but when i met him he was anything but.
【误解】有人告诉我们他是一个脆弱内向的人,可当我看到他时,发现他什么事都能做。
【正确】有人告诉我们他是一个脆弱内向的人,可当我看到他时,发现他并非如此。
【说明】anything but是固定短语,意思是"根本不是"、"一点也不"。
17. answer the call of nature 解小便
【例句】i want to answer the call of nature.
【说明】answer the call of nature是俚语,意思是"解小便"。
18. another pair of shoes 另外一码事,另当别论
【例句】if you say he's your friend, that's another pair of shoes.
【误解】如果你说他是你的朋友,那就是要另一双鞋了。
【说明】another pair of shoes是一种比喻说法,意思是"另外一码事"、"另当别论"。
【例句】he is full of animal spirits.
【说明】animal spirits意思是"生气"、"活力"。
【例句】martin spent an eight days to do that.
【说明】an eight days是"一星期",不是"8天"。
21. a near go 幸免于难,极侥幸地逃脱
【例句】how dangerous it is! we just had a near go.
【说明】a near go和a near escape同义,指"幸免于难"、"极侥幸地逃脱",这是口语里的习惯表达法。
【例句】i bought sugar, tea, eggs and what not.
【说明】and what not是习语,意思是"等东西"、"诸如"。
23. and company 及其朋友们,及其同事们
【例句】-who is going to the party? -jim and company.
【说明】and company在这里是口语,用于某人的名字之后,意思是"及其朋友们"、"及其同事们"。
24. an arm and a leg 一大笔钱
【例句】he got an arm and a leg from the business.
【说明】在这里,an arm and a leg是习语,意思是"一大笔钱"。
【例句】i like flowers, especially american beauty.
【说明】american beauty是一种植物名,意思是"月月红",是生长在美国的一种蔷薇花,一年四季都开着大朵的紫红色花。
【例句】it's a long distance from new york.
【说明】a long distance指的是"长途电话"。"长途电话"还可以说a long-distance call或a trunk call。例如:
this is a long-distance call, so you'd better say something very briefly. 这是长途电话,所以你最好说得简短点儿。
27. all woman 最标准的女性,最理想的女性
【例句】nancy is considered all woman.
【说明】all woman是口语,意思是"最标准的女性"、"最理想的女性"。
28. all to nothing 百分百地,一定
【例句】it's all to nothing that they will succeed.
【说明】all to nothing意思是"百分百地"、"一定"。
【例句】there was 12 members in the team, all told.
【说明】all told意思是"总共"、"共计"。
【例句】you are all thumbs. let me help you move these vases.
【说明】all thumbs是固定短语,意思是"笨手笨脚"。
31. all the world and his wife 所有的人,人人
【例句】all the world and his wife were friendly to him.
【说明】all the world and his wife是固定短语,意思是"人人"、"每个人"、"所有的人"、"不分男女"等。
32. all greek to sb. 对某人来说一窍不通
【例句】the computer language is all greek to me.
【说明】all greek to sb. 字面为对某人来说是希腊语。由于许多人认为greek难学难懂,所以,这一习语就表示"为某人所不理解"、"不懂"。
33. all abroad 感到莫名其妙,(某事)离谱
【例句】her husband was all abroad when she shouted at him.
【说明】(be) all abroad是个固定短语,意思是"感到莫名其妙"、"(某事)离谱"。
34. against the clock 尽快完成
【例句】they had to work against the clock to meet the deadline.
【说明】against the clock就是"和时间赛跑"、"尽快完成"。例如:
in the tournament, games are played against the clock. 在联赛中,比赛还有时间限制。
35. after the fashion 流行的,时髦的
【例句】the dress is after the fashion.
【说明】after the fashion等同于in the fashion,意思是"流行的"、"时髦的"。
36. afternoon farmer 不守时刻的人,懒汉
【例句】no one will hire an afternoon farmer.
【说明】afternoon farmer表示"不守时刻的人"、"失去最好工作时间的人"、"懒汉"。
37. after a fashion 勉强,马马虎虎
【例句】he can sing a few english songs after a fashion.
【说明】after a fashion是习语,意思是"勉强"、"马马虎虎"。
38. african american 非洲裔美国人,美国黑人
【例句】african americans have made great contribution to the local economy.
【误解】非洲的美国人为当地的经济作出了很大的贡献。
【说明】african american意思是"非洲裔美国人"、"美国黑人",而不是"非洲的美国人"。类似例子还有:chinese american意思是"华裔美人";american chinese意思是"美裔华人"。
39. a fine/good selection of 很多,大量
【例句】that shop has a good selection of hats.
【说明】短语a fine/good/wide selection of是指“数量多”,而并非指“质量好”。例如:
this shop has a fine selection of cheese. 这家商店有很多乳酪出售。
the store had a wide selection of brackets for you to choose. 这家商店有多种多样的手镯供你选购。
there’s very little selection of winter clothes in the spring. 春天没有什么可选购的冬季服装。
40. advertise oneself 吹嘘自己
【例句】she's always advertising herself.
【说明】advertise oneself并非"登广告出卖自己",而是"吹嘘自己"、"努力使人注意自己"。
【例句】children are prohibited to watch adult movies.
【说明】adult movies意思是"色情电影",现在也直译为"成人电影"。同样地,adult magazines意思是"色情杂志"。
【例句】the doctor examined his adam’s apple and prescribed some medicine.
【例句】boys are always acting the goat.
【说明】act/play the goat不能照字面意思理解,而是指“胡闹”。goat’s wool也不是“山羊的毛”,而是指“不存在的东西”,因为我们都知道,产羊毛的是绵羊,而不是山羊。
【例句】stop acting the fool, will you!
【说明】act the fool是口语,意思是"装模作样"、"装傻"。
45. acid test 严峻的考验,真正的考验
【例句】the acid test will come when the machine goes on sale in china.
【正确】这种机器在中国出售时才是真正的考验来临的时候。
【说明】acid test意思是"严峻的考验"、"真正的考验"。
46. achilles' heel 致命的弱点,致命伤
【例句】john's vanity is his achilles' heel.
【误解】约翰的虚荣心就是因为他长了一双阿喀琉斯的脚后跟。
【说明】achilles' heel意思是"致命的弱点"、"致命伤"。典故出自荷马史诗《伊利亚特》(the iliad)。在特洛伊战争中,希腊联军阵营最骁勇善战的一支军队the myrmidons是由achilles率领的。achilles在出生时,他的母亲thetis替他做过特殊处理,因此全身刀枪不入。这位英雄除了脚踵(heel)之外身上其他部位都能免受攻击。不过最后,他的脚踵被人射中,因此死亡。由此西方文化中产部位都能免受攻击。不过最后,他的脚踵被人射中,因此死亡。由此西方文化中产生了一个说法:achilles' heel(最弱处)。
47. accept the face of 偏爱,偏袒
【例句】the woman accepted the face of her son.
【说明】accept the face of也可写作accept the person of,意思是"偏爱"、"偏袒"。
48. absence of mind 心不在焉,精神不集中
【例句】his absence of mind in driving caused the accident.
【说明】absence of mind意思是"心不在焉"、"精神不集中"。汉语的"缺心眼"实指某人脑子不够用、智力低于一般人,与英语的absence of mind意思不同。
49. above water 摆脱困境/麻烦/债务
【例句】he managed to keep himself above water.
【说明】above water是个习惯说法,意思是"摆脱困境"、"摆脱麻烦"、"摆脱债务"等。例如:
with prices being what they are, it is difficult for a family to keep above water with one bread winner. 物价情况如此,一个家庭靠一个人挣钱难免要负债的。
【例句】john was taken up above the salt.
【说明】above the salt 是习语,意为"在上席(源于旧时宴礼,上席是离席上盐瓶最近的席位)",其反义词则为below the salt,意为"在下席"。
【例句】he was admitted to harvard university and felt above himself.
【说明】above oneself 意思是"自命不凡"。
【说明】a-bomb中的a是atom(原子)的第一个字母,a-bomb意思是"原子弹"。
【例句】the deal is completely above board.
【说明】above board是习语,意思是"光明正大的"。
【例句】her brother is an able seaman.
【说明】able seaman意思是"一等水手",在英国英语中可指"一等水兵"。
55. a bed of roses 使人心情愉快的地方、职位、工作等
【例句】young people think that marriage will be a bed of roses.
【说明】a bed of roses可以指任何"使人心情愉快、赏心悦目的地方、职位、工作等"。与它意思相近的短语还有a bowl of cherries。例如:
life is not always a bed of roses. 生活未必都是称心如意的。
56. a baker's dozen 一打加一,13(个)
【例句】she wanted to buy ten cakes, but he gave her a baker's dozen.
【说明】dozen指的是一打,也就是12个,如 a dozen pencils (一打铅笔),dozens of people(几十个人)。但是,a baker's dozen的意思却是"一打加一"、"13(个)"。
据说,以前面包师的名声不好,卖面包总是缺斤短两。为此,官方作了规定,凡出售面包糕点缺斤短两者,一概受罚。但是当时的计量器比较粗糙,难以保证足秤,为保险起见,凡买一打面包者,面包师便多给一个,因此,a baker's dozen 便表示12加1.即13.例如:
when we counted the apples, we found that we had bought just a baker's dozen. 我们数了一下苹果,发现正好买了13个。
【例句】she didn't see aaron's beard on the table.
【说明】aaron's beard是一种植物,意思是"金丝桃",不是"艾伦的胡子"。
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