（上接 第一部分 ）

1. lay off : to make workers, especially workers in a large factory or organization, leave their jobs, because there is not enough work for them to do, or not enough money to pay their wages （尤其指工厂的）裁员

例：

3000 car workers have been laid off at the factory in Cleveland. （克利夫兰的汽车厂裁了 3000 名员工。）

The company has had to lay off most of the staff. （公司只好大量裁员。）

Costs have increased and many workers have been laid off. （成本增加，大量裁员。）

补充： ''lay off'' 的名词形式是 ''layoff'' 。

例：

The company announced the layoff of several hundred employees. （公司宣布将裁减几百名员工。）

More layoffs are expected at the factory later this year. （今年工厂还会有更多裁员。）

2. make somebody redundant : to make someone leave their job, and usually pay them some money to do so, because they are no longer needed （给予补偿的）裁员

备注： ''make somebody redundant'' 是英式英语的用法。

例：

At least 2,000 computer programmers have been made redundant in the past year. （去年至少裁减了 2000 名程序员。）

We lost our home when my husband was made redundant five years ago. （五年前，我丈夫被公司裁员，我们只得把房子卖了。）

3. redundancy : a situation in which someone has to leave their job, and is usually paid some money to do so, because they are no longer needed by their company （ 2 的名词形式）

备注： ''redundancy'' 是英式英语的用法。

例：

Two thousand workers now face redundancy. （ 2000 名工人面临裁员。）

These redundancies are necessary for the company to be able to survive. （公司为了生存，必须裁员。）

The board are planning a restructuring which could mean hundreds of redundancies. （董事会计划进行结构调整，这意味着将大量裁员数百人。）

The closure of the export department resulted in over 100 redundancies. （出口部被撤销，导致 100 多名员工被裁员。）

The restructuring is expected to result in the redundancy of several hundred workers. （结构调整将导致几百名员工被裁员。）

An employee is not eligible for a redundancy payment unless he has been with the company for two years. （员工只有在公司呆满两年，被解雇的时候才会有裁员补偿金。）

voluntary redundancy (=when a company asks workers if they want to leave their jobs, and offers to pay them money to do so) （有补偿的）自愿离职

We hope to achieve staffing cuts through voluntary redundancy and a freeze on recruitment. （我们希望通过员工自动离职及暂停招聘新人，来减少员工数量。）

We were offered a £3,000 cash bonus to take voluntary redundancy. （自动离职可以得到 3000 英镑的补偿金。）

4. suspend : to make someone leave a job or organization temporarily, either as a punishment for doing something wrong, or while the organization tries to find out whether they have done something wrong or not 暂时停职

例：

He was suspended from the team for missing too many practices. （他太多练习没参加，暂时被队伍雪藏。）

Dave was suspended from school for a week. （戴夫被勒令停学一周。）

5. relieve somebody of their duties/post : if someone with an important official job is relieved of their duties or post, their job is taken away from them, especially for a short time because people think they have done something very bad and this is being checked 停职察看

例：

The Chief Inspector has been relieved of his duties pending another investigation by fellow officers. （检察长被停职察看，有待进一步调查。）

The authorities have decided to relieve the professor of his post at the university until further notice, after complaints were made by one of his female students. （这位教授被女学生投诉，校方决定即刻将他停职察看。）