1. take action: to do something to stop a bad situation from happening or continuing - use this to talk about people who have a clear plan for dealing with a problem

例：

Unless governments take action, the Earth's atmosphere will continue to heat up. （除非世界各国政府都采取措施，否则大气变暖的趋势将无法遏制。）

take action against

The school will take strong action against any students using illegal drugs. （对于嗑药的学生，学校将严惩不贷。）

take action to do something

The government must take action (= do something) now to stop the rise in violent crime. （政府一定要立即采取措施减少犯罪。）

2. act: to use your power or authority to deal with an urgent problem

例：

We must act before the situation gets out of control. （我们得在情况失控前采取行动。）

Despite the crisis, the Commission seems unwilling to act. （委员会好像不愿意采取措施解决危机。）

3. do something: to do something to deal with a problem, especially one that is urgent

备注：

①In everyday English, people often use expressions like ''do the right thing'' or ''do a brave thing'' 

rather than use ''act'' with an adverb such as ''correctly'' or ''bravely''. 

（日常口语中， ''do the right thing''或''do a brave thing''比''act correctly''或''act bravely''更常用。）

例：

They acted correctly in telling her. →They did the right thing in telling her. （他们把事情告诉她，是对的。） 

②When ''act'' is used alone to mean ''take action'', in everyday English people usually just say 

''do something'' 

（日常口语中，''do something''比''take action''或''act''更常用。）

例：

Quick, do something - there's water all over the kitchen floor. （赶紧处理一下，厨房水漫金山了。）

We need to do something before everyone gets fed up and quits. （在大家都厌烦到辞职之前我们得采取点措施。）

do something about

When are you going to do something about this broken window? （你打算什么时候来整整这个破窗户？）

Teenagers were dropping out of school in huge numbers, until a group of parents and teachers decided to do something about it. （很多青少年退学了，为此家长和老师决定采取措施努力避免这一状况。）

4. take steps/take measures: if a government or someone in a position of power takes steps or measures, they do what is necessary to improve a situation or to deal with a problem

例：

The governor has not yet decided what measures should be taken. （州长还没决定要采取什么措施。）

take steps/take measures to do something

All departments must take measures now to reduce costs. （所有部门都要采取措施降低成本。）

We apologize for the error and have taken steps to see that it does not happen again. （由于我们的失误给您造成的困扰，我们感到非常抱歉，我们已经采取措施防止问题再度出现。）

take drastic measures

Drastic measures will be taken against those who engage in terrorism. （对恐怖分子，我们会采取极端行动。）

5. move: if a person or organization moves to do something, they start to take action, especially in order to deal quickly with an urgent matter

例：

If anyone wants to put in a bid on the property they'll have to move quickly. （想中标的人要抓紧时间尽快下手了。）

The governor has yet to move on any of the recommendations in the report. （州长还没有就报告上的建议采取行动。）

move to do something

Airport authorities are moving fast to improve security following a series of bomb threats. （收到一系列炸弹威胁，机场方面很快做出回应，加强安保。）

In the past year the leadership has moved to strengthen their control over the party. （去年，该党领导层已经采取措施加强对党务的掌控。）