1. repair: if you repair something that is broken or not working properly, you work on it so that it is in good condition again

例：

Builders spent several weeks repairing the roof. （建筑工人们修葺屋顶花了几周时间。）

The plane was too badly damaged to be repaired. （飞机损毁太厉害了，无法修复。）

get/have something repaired (=pay someone else to repair it)

How much will it cost to have the TV repaired? （修这台电视得花多少钱？）

补充：''repair''做名词时。

例：

Who will pay for the repairs?（修理费谁出？）

repairs to

The insurance will cover the cost of all repairs to the vehicle. （这份保险涵盖了汽车修理的全部费用。）

make/do/carry out repairs

Builders are carrying out repairs to the roof and walls. （建筑工人正在修葺屋顶和墙壁。）

2. fix: to repair a machine or piece of equipment that is broken or not working properly

例：

I'll need to fix the boat before we can go out in it. （船得修好才能再用。）

get/have something fixed (=pay someone else to fix it)

I must get my camera fixed before we go to France. （我们去法国之前，我得请人把相机修好。）

3. mend: to repair something that is broken or not working, or something that has a hole in it

备注：In American English ''mend'' is usually used about clothing. （美式英语中，''mend''常指“缝补衣物”。）

例：

I called a service engineer in to mend the lift. （我打了电话叫电梯维修工程师来修电梯。）

The children are taught to mend their own clothes. （孩子们被教导要自己缝补自己的衣服。）

4. patch up: to repair something that has a hole in quickly and not very thoroughly so that it is good enough to be used again for a short period of time

例：

patch up something

We managed to patch up the roof enough to stop it leaking. （我们把屋顶的漏洞补好了，暂时不会滴水了。）

patch something up

The boat's got a hole in the side, but I'm just going to try and patch it up for now. （船舷上破了个洞，我正在尽力修补。）

5. overhaul: to thoroughly examine a machine, vehicle, or piece of equipment and repair it if necessary

例：

The engine has been overhauled and runs much more smoothly now. （这架发动机已经修理好了，现在运行顺畅多了。）

completely overhaul

All the electrical wiring in the house was being completely overhauled because of the risk of fire. （因为怕引起火灾，房子里所有电线都彻底检修过。）

补充：''overhaul''做名词时：

例：

The electrical system needs a complete overhaul. （电路需要彻底检修一次。）

Work on the overhaul of the boiler has just started. （锅炉才刚开始检修。）

6. maintenance: regular work done to check, clean, and repair something so that it keeps working properly or remains in good condition

例：

The Highways Department is responsible for the construction and maintenance of bridges and roads. （路政署要负责桥梁道路的建设和维护。）

car/motorcycle etc. maintenance

I knew nothing about car maintenance when I first bought my car. （我刚买车的时候，汽车保养的知识一点都没有。）

routine maintenance (=simple and regular maintenance)

The theaters were closed on Saturday and Sunday for routine maintenance. （剧院周六周日不开，要做例行维护。）

7. tune-up: a process of making small changes and repairs to an engine so that it works as well as possible

例：

If you give the engine regular tune-ups, it will last much longer. （如果引擎经常进行例行检修，会用得更久。）