1. cook: 可以指各种烹调方式，主要强调把食物弄熟

例：

In a large sauté pan, cook the bacon until crisp. （用大煎锅把培根煎到脆。）

Cover and cook slowly until beets are tender, stirring occasionally. （盖上锅盖，小火慢煮，把甜菜煮软，偶尔打开锅盖搅一搅。）

2. boil: to cook food in very hot water 用开水煮

例：

Boil the potatoes until they are soft. （用沸水把马铃薯煮到软。）

The beans should be boiled for at least twenty minutes. （豆子起码要用水煮20分钟才行。）

3. simmer: to cook food slowly in water that is boiling very gently 炖

例：

Simmer the macaroni in lightly salted water. （用淡盐水小火煮通心粉。）

Cover the pan and let it simmer for fifteen minutes. （盖上锅盖，炖15分钟。）

simmer gently/slowly

Add the remaining ingredients and simmer gently for 30 minutes. （把剩下的材料加进去，小火炖30分钟。）

Bring the soup to the boil and allow it to simmer gently for about half an hour. （先把汤烧开，再小火炖大约半小时。）

4. sauté: to cook something in a little hot oil or fat （法）煎，炒

例：

Sauté the potatoes in butter. （用黄油煎马铃薯。）

Sauté the onions for 5 minutes. （把洋葱煎5分钟。）

5. fry: to cook food in hot oil, butter, or fat 炸

例：

Mushrooms are best when fried in olive oil. （蘑菇用橄榄油炸了最好吃。）

Fry the potatoes, covered, for about 20 minutes. （把土豆炸一下，盖上锅盖焖上约20分钟。）

I could smell onions frying. （我闻到炸洋葱的味道了。）

6. stir-fry: to cook small pieces of food quickly by moving them around continuously in very hot oil炒

例：

stir-fried tofu and bean sprouts（豆腐炒豆芽）

stir-fried vegetables（炒青菜）

Add the garlic, ginger and onions and stir-fry for 30 seconds. （加入蒜、姜和洋葱，炒半分钟。）

Water chestnuts can be eaten straight from the tin or stir-fried. （荸荠肉可以直接开罐生吃，也可以炒着吃。）

Chinese peanut oils are perfect for stir-frying. （中国的花生油用来炒菜是极好的。）

7. bake: to cook food in an oven, for example bread, cakes, or potatoes 烘焙（面包、蛋糕、土豆等）

例：

My grandmother baked her own bread. （我奶奶自己烤面包吃。）

Bake at 190 degree for 20-25 minutes. （190℃烤20~25分钟。）

Bake the soufflés for 12 minutes. （苏芙蕾烤12分钟。）

Place on a baking sheet and bake in a very low oven until crisp. （放在烤板上进烤箱，低温烤到脆。）

8. roast: to cook meat or vegetables in an oven or over a fire 烤（肉或菜）

例：

Roast the chicken for three hours in a hot oven. （把鸡放进烤箱大火烤3小时。）

the smell of roasting meat（烤肉的味道）

We caught a rabbit and roasted it over an open fire. （我们抓到一只兔子，生火烤来吃。）

9. grill/broil: if you grill something, or if it grills, you cook it by putting it on a flat metal frame with bars across it, above or below strong direct heat （放在烧烤架上）烧烤

例：

Prick the sausages before you grill them. （烤香肠之前，在香肠上戳几个洞。）

Grill the steak for about five minutes on each side. （牛排每一面都要烤大约五分钟。）

Brush the kebabs lightly with oil and broil them. （给烤肉串刷上油再烤。）

Broil until cheese melts and edges of bread are crusty. （烤到芝士融化，面包边变脆。）

Grill the bacon until crisp. （烤到培根变脆。）

swordfish grilled over charcoal（用木炭烤出来的剑鱼）

10. steam: to cook food in steam 蒸

例：

Steam the courgettes for 3-4 minutes. （把绿皮南瓜蒸3~4分钟。）