1. exercise: to walk, do sports etc in order to stay healthy and become stronger

例：

To lose weight, exercise regularly and eat less. （想减肥，就少吃点，并且定期做运动。）

Swimming exercises all the major muscle groups. （游泳可以锻炼到各个主要肌肉群。）

Raise your knee to exercise the upper leg and hip. （抬膝，锻炼大腿和臀部。）

do some exercise/a lot of exercise etc:

备注：this phrase is much more common than the verb ''exercise'', and means the same thing（表示“健身、锻炼”时，''do some exercise/a lot of exercise''比''exercise''更常用。）

Her doctor said that she needed to do more exercise. （医生告诫她要多做运动。）

My son does very little exercise - I don't know how he stays so slim. （我儿子很少做运动，不知道他为啥还这么瘦？）

Dogs need lots of exercise. （狗狗需要多运动。）

2. stay/keep/get in shape: to stay or to become physically healthy and strong - used especially when you consider exercise as a way to keep a nice-looking body

例：

Jogging keeps me in pretty good shape. （慢跑让我保持好身材。）

She's bought an exercise bike to keep in shape. （她买了一部室内健身脚踏车来健身。）

Try jogging with a friend who also wants to get in shape. （找一个也想健身的朋友，跟他一起慢跑。）

I've got to get into shape before summer. （我要在夏天到之前，把身材练好。）

3. keep fit: to exercise regularly in order to stay healthy and strong

备注：''keep fit''常用于英式英语中。

例：

The class encourages older people to keep fit. （鼓励老年人锻炼身体。）

She keeps fit by cycling everywhere. （她骑车锻炼身体。）

I swim twice a week to try and keep fit. （我每周游两次泳锻炼身体。）

4. work out: to do exercise in order to be healthy and strong, especially to exercise regularly in a gym or exercise class

例：

He works out three times a week. （他一周去三次健身房。）

You've been working out, uh? （你参加健身了吧？）

5. tone up: to exercise in order to make your body or part of your body firmer

备注：也可以写作''firm up''。

例：

I'd like to tone up my hips, thighs, and stomach. （我想要锻炼臀部肌肉、大腿肌肉以及腹肌。）

6. warm up: to do gentle exercises to prepare your body for more active exercise

例：

It's important to warm up before you begin to play. （比赛前的热身环节很重要。）

7. stretch: to reach your arms, legs, or body out to full length, in order to make your muscles as long as possible, so that you do not injure them when you exercise

例：

Jog for five minutes, and then stretch before starting on your run. （先慢跑五分钟，然后拉筋伸展，再正式开始跑。）

8. limber up: to do gentle exercises so that your muscles are warm and not tight before you begin a more active exercise

备注：也可以写作''loosen up''。

例：

The footballers were limbering up before a training session. （训练开始前，这些足球运动员先进行热身。）

9. train: to prepare for a sporting event by exercising in a particular way

例：

She's training to do the London Marathon. （她正在训练，准备参加伦敦马拉松赛事。）

10. practice: to do a sports activity regularly, in order to get better and prepare for competition

例：

The team practices on Wednesdays and Saturdays. （球队每周三和周六训练。）